Configure DNS Server Redhat Linux - 5

CONFIGURE DNS (DOMAIN NAMING SERVER) ON REDHAT LINUX - 5

Setup:
Server : RHEL-5
Localhost Name: freedom-web
Domain Name: sandeepc.com
Server IP: 192.168.4.1

Client: Windows-2003, XP & Linux

Requirment: This bind & caching-nameserver packages available on RHEL-5 DVD only...

Installation of Packages:

THESE PACKAGES INSTALLED DEFAULT
[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]# rpm -qa |grep bind
bind-libs-9.3.3-7.el5
bind-utils-9.3.3-7.el5
ypbind-1.19-7.el5
[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]#

NEED TO INSTALL THESE PACKAGES
[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]# rpm -i bind-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm
warning: bind-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]#

[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]# rpm -i bind-devel-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm
warning: bind-devel-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]#

[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]# rpm -i bind-libbind-devel-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm
warning: bind-libbind-devel-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]#

[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]# rpm -i bind-sdb-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm
warning: bind-sdb-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]#

[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]# rpm -i caching-nameserver-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm
warning: caching-nameserver-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]#

[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]# rpm -i cachefilesd-0.7-6.el5.i386.rpm
warning: cachefilesd-0.7-6.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]#

[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]# rpm -i bind-chroot-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm
warning: bind-chroot-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]#

CHECK BELOW PACKAGES INSTALLED PROPERLY
[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]# rpm -qa |grep bind
bind-libs-9.3.3-7.el5
bind-9.3.3-7.el5
bind-chroot-9.3.3-7.el5
bind-utils-9.3.3-7.el5
bind-devel-9.3.3-7.el5
bind-sdb-9.3.3-7.el5
ypbind-1.19-7.el5
bind-libbind-devel-9.3.3-7.el5
[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]#

[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]# rpm -qa |grep caching
caching-nameserver-9.3.3-7.el5
[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]# rpm -qa |grep cachefilesd
cachefilesd-0.7-6.el5
[root@FREEDOM-WEB Server]#



Set hostname to freedom-web.sandeepc.com and ip address to 192.168.1.1

[root@FREEDOM-WEB ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=yes
HOSTNAME=freedom-web.sandeepc.com
[root@FREEDOM-WEB ~]#

[root@FREEDOM-WEB ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:C1:C7:31
inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.1 Mask:255.255.255.255
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fec1:c731/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:117021 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:28367 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:49770336 (47.4 MiB) TX bytes:4354972 (4.1 MiB)
Interrupt:67 Base address:0x2024
[root@FREEDOM-WEB ~]#

Add DNS IP in resolv.conf file (server IP)
[root@FREEDOM-WEB ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf
# Generated by NetworkManager
search com
nameserver 192.168.4.1
[root@FREEDOM-WEB~]#

Modify with hosts file (do not remove localhost line, add server ip and name) (This is main for mail server)
[root@educloudsvr ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain   localhost.localdomain   localhost4      localhost4.localdomain4 localhost
::1     localhost.localdomain   localhost.localdomain   localhost6      localhost6.localdomain6 localhost
192.168.4.1     freedom-web.sandeepc.com        mail
[root@educloudsvr ~]#

By Default should create below files, if not created then create manualy named.conf file and enter as it is how given below things:

[root@FREEDOM-WEB etc]# cd /var/named/chroot/etc
[root@FREEDOM-WEB etc]# ls -ltr
total 40
-rw-r----- 1 root named 955 Jan 16 2007 named.rfc1912.zones
-rw-r----- 1 root named 1100 Jan 16 2007 named.caching-nameserver.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1017 Jul 17 09:52 localtime
-rw-r--r-- 1 root named 113 Aug 9 02:40 rndc.key
-rw-r--r-- 1 root named 225 Aug 9 03:05 named.conf
[root@FREEDOM-WEB etc]#
===========================================================================================================
NOTE:::If not created named.conf file then only need to follow this step
[root@FREEDOM-WEB etc]# vi named.conf
options{
directory "/var/named/";
};

zone "sandeepc.com" {
type master;
file "sandeepc.com.zone";
allow-transfer {192.168.1.254;};
};
zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone";
};
[root@FREEDOM-WEB etc]#
========================================================================================================================================

CONFIGURE ZONE FILE

Here shown two zone files FORWARD & REVERSE ZONE FILES sandeepc.com.zone for forward zone and 1.168.192.in-addr.arpa for reverse zone. These files will be store be default in /var/named/chroot/var/named/ location. We will use two sample files for creating these files.

Change directory to /var/named/chroot/var/named and copy the sample files to name which we have set in named.conf

[root@FREEDOM-WEB etc]# cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/
[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]#

FORWARD ZONE CREATION
[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]# cp localhost.zone sandeepc.com.zone
[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]#

REVERSE ZONE CREATION
[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]# cp named.local 1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone
[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]#

Now open forward zone file sandeepc.com.zone
####By default this file will look like this###
[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]# vi sandeepc.com.zone

$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA @ root(
42 ; serial
3H ; refresh
15M ; retry
1W ; expiry
1D ) ; minimum
IN NS @
IN A 127.0.0.1
IN AAAA ::1
~
###########################################################################################################

#####Change this file as per requirement as shown in below zone file####

[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]# vi sandeepc.com.zone
$TTL 86400
@ SOA sandeepc.com. root(
42 ; serial
3H ; refresh
15M ; retry
1W ; expiry
1D ) ; minimum
sandeepc.com MX 10 mail ;primary mail exchanger -----> This is for Mail Server
@ NS freedom-web.sandeepc.com.
@ NS client1.client.com.
freedom-web A 192.168.1.1
client1 A 192.168.1.2
client2 A 192.168.1.3
mail A 192.168.1.1 ----------> This is for Mail Server

:wq save and exit
###########################################################################################################

Now open reverse lookup zone file 1.168.192.in-addr.arpa
[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]# vi 1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone

####By default this file will look like this###

$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA localhost. root.localhost. (
1997022700 ; Serial
28800 ; Refresh
14400 ; Retry
3600000 ; Expire
86400 ) ; Minimum
IN NS localhost.
1 IN PTR localhost.

###########################################################################################################

#####Change this file as per requirement as shown in below zone file####

[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]# vi 1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone
$TTL 86400
@ SOA sandeepc.com root.freedom-web.sandeepc.com. (
1997022700 ; Serial
28800 ; Refresh
14400 ; Retry
3600000 ; Expire
86400 ) ; Minimum
IN NS freedom-web.sandeepc.com
1 IN PTR freedom-web.sandeepc.com.
2 IN PTR client1.sandeepc.com.
3 IN PTR client2.

:wq save and exit

###########################################################################################################

####Now need to change the ownership of these zone files to named group####
####Before changing ownership snap####

[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]# ls -ltr
total 104
drwxrwx--- 2 named named 4096 Jul 27 2004 slaves
drwxrwx--- 2 named named 4096 Aug 25 2004 data
-rw-r----- 1 root named 427 Jan 16 2007 named.zero
-rw-r----- 1 root named 426 Jan 16 2007 named.local
-rw-r----- 1 root named 424 Jan 16 2007 named.ip6.local
-rw-r----- 1 root named 2518 Jan 16 2007 named.ca
-rw-r----- 1 root named 427 Jan 16 2007 named.broadcast
-rw-r----- 1 root named 198 Jan 16 2007 localdomain.zone
-rw-r----- 1 root named 167 Aug 9 03:26 localhost.zone.rpmorig
-rw-r----- 1 root root 195 Aug 9 04:01 localhost.zone.backup
-rw-r----- 1 root root 167 Aug 9 04:02 localhost.zone
-rw-r----- 1 root root 273 Aug 9 04:11 sandeepc.com.zone -------> its showing root group
-rw-r----- 1 root root 519 Aug 9 04:20 1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone ------> its showing root group
[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]#


####After changing ownership snap####

[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]# ls -ltr
total 104
drwxrwx--- 2 named named 4096 Jul 27 2004 slaves
drwxrwx--- 2 named named 4096 Aug 25 2004 data
-rw-r----- 1 root named 427 Jan 16 2007 named.zero
-rw-r----- 1 root named 426 Jan 16 2007 named.local
-rw-r----- 1 root named 424 Jan 16 2007 named.ip6.local
-rw-r----- 1 root named 2518 Jan 16 2007 named.ca
-rw-r----- 1 root named 427 Jan 16 2007 named.broadcast
-rw-r----- 1 root named 198 Jan 16 2007 localdomain.zone
-rw-r----- 1 root named 167 Aug 9 03:26 localhost.zone.rpmorig
-rw-r----- 1 root root 195 Aug 9 04:01 localhost.zone.backup
-rw-r----- 1 root root 167 Aug 9 04:02 localhost.zone
-rw-r----- 1 root named 273 Aug 9 04:11 sandeepc.com.zone ---------> changed group with named
-rw-r----- 1 root named 519 Aug 9 04:20 1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone --------> changed group with named
[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]#

### Now try to start and restart the service ###

[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]# service named start
Starting named: [ OK ]
[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]# service named restart
Stopping named: [ OK ]
Starting named: [ OK ]
[root@FREEDOM-WEB named]#


#### If service restart without any error means you have successfully configured DNS server ######

root@freedom-web named]# host 192.168.1.1
1.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer freedom-web.sandeepc.com.
[root@freedom-web named]# host freedom-web.sandeepc.com
freedom-web.sandeepc.com has address 192.168.1.1
[root@freedom-web named]#

#### Now check with windows machine (Within Network Machine) ####
GO TO RUN --> CMD --> nslooup
nslookup
Default Server: freedom-web.sandeepc.com
Address: 192.168.1.1

#### WE CAN CHECK WITH BROWSER ALSO, FOR THIS WE HAVE TO START HTTPD SERVICE####

In Browser (Server It Self)
http://192.168.4.1 (Apache Test Page Should Open)
http://freedom-web.sandeepc.com (Apache Test Page Should Open)

Client Side need to open means, you must need to put DNS as 192.168.1.1 in IP Address (If IP is static), If IP getting from DHCP server then add this DNS IP in DHCP server so it will get automatically...

Thanks and Regards,
Sandeep CC